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- ItemDigital Council for Aotearoa New Zealand. (2020). Towards trustworthy and trusted automated decision-making in Aotearoa.(Toi Āria: Design for Public Good, 2021-04-16) Brown A; Law M; Mark S; Parkin T; Reade A; Shibata S; Tobin AWe spoke to over 180 people throughout Aotearoa about different situations where ADM has specific impacts on the lives of individuals, whānau and communities. We heard loud and clear that ADM and other decision-making systems should be built for — and with — the people who are impacted. This is essential for ensuring trusted and trustworthy systems. When workshop participants talked about ADM, they focused on more than the technology itself. Instead, they talked about algorithms as being part of a much wider system that also included the way data is collected and used, the people and organisations that develop the systems, and the interventions resulting from decisions. Participants thought that ADM, with its ability to process data fast and at scale, is well suited to some situations. However, they were clear that it can be harmful in other situations and can intensify pre-existing bias and discrimination — especially when the decision has major impacts on the lives of individuals and their whānau. Participants provided clear and concise suggestions of what would make them feel more comfortable in situations where ADM is used. They want systems that are built to meet the needs and reflect the values of the communities impacted. To achieve this, it is important to participants that people who have similar lived experience to them are involved in the development of decision-making systems and the interventions that result from them. Participants told us they would be more comfortable if there was transparency and clear communication about how the government uses ADM and how it is used to make decisions. We took these clear and urgent suggestions and used them as a basis to develop a set of recommendations to the government. We looked at work already underway and the barriers preventing systemic change, and gathered input from experts to inform our thinking
- ItemUnlocking Transport Innovation: A Sociotechnical Perspective of the Logics of Transport Planning Decision-Making within the Trial of a New Type of Pedestrian Crossing(Building Better Homes, Towns, and Cities (BBHTC) National Science Challenge, 2018-06-01) Opit S; Witten KThis paper considers the proposal to install a novel type of pedestrian crossing, as part of a neighbourhood intervention, to investigate the architecture of decision-making that influences the delivery and outcomes of our urban environments. While political and policy-making directions often signal a movement towards providing better active transport options and safer urban environments for pedestrians and cyclists, delivering projects that achieve such goals can prove challenging, time-consuming and be marred by conflict. Innovative projects can stagnate, diminish in scale or fail to be realised entirely. The exact causes of these less than ideal outcomes are difficult to determine as they involve a complex sociotechnical assemblage of various actors, institutions, resources and logics. The architecture of decision-making that surrounds these projects is created through a myriad of de jure and de facto actors that, in concert, affect the material construction of neighbourhoods and shape our homes, towns and cities In Auckland, the regional Road Controlling Authority (RCA), ‘Auckland Transport’ (AT), dedicates a chapter in its ‘code of practice’ outlining its commitment to enabling innovative solutions where appropriate. Yet, as political demands for a modal shift towards active and public transport have gradually intensified, the organisation has sometimes struggled to adapt from ‘business-as-usual’ practices that prioritise goals associated with the private motor vehicle, such as road network capacity and flow efficiency (particularly, alleviating peak hour congestion problems).
- ItemReview Report on Tokelau's Clinical Health Services and Patient Referrals Scheme(Massey University, 2019-11-21) Mafile'o T; Foliaki S; Koro T; Leslie H; Redman-MacLaren M; West C; Roskruge MImproving Tokelau’s clinical health services and the Tokelau Patient Referrals Scheme (TPRS) patient referral scheme is the key purpose of this independent review. The objectives were to: 1. Review the relevance and effectiveness of clinical health services on Tokelau. 2. Review the relevance, effectiveness, efficiency, impact and sustainability of the Tokelau patient referral scheme (TPRS). 3. Determine the funding required to deliver adequate levels of health service, and the potential budget impacts of the growing incidence of Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs). 4. Identify the key changes needed to deliver and sustain improved results from health services delivered on Tokelau, and through its patient referral scheme. Covering the period July 2014 to June 2018, the review focused on services in Tokelau and services received by Tokelau’s referred patients in Tokelau, Apia and New Zealand.
- ItemSummary report: Developing community: Following the Waimahia Inlet affordable housing initiative(Building Better Homes, Towns, and Cities (BBHTC) National Science Challenge, 2019-01-01) Witten K; Opit S; Ferguson E; Kearns RThis brief report summarises findings of a longitudinal case study of the Waimahia Inlet housing development. A more detailed analysis can be found in Witten, Opit, Fergusson and Kearns (2018). Waimahia Inlet is an affordable housing development located in Weymouth on an estuary of the Manukau Harbour, 23 km south of the Auckland CBD and 5km southwest of Manukau City centre. It was developed by Tāmaki Makaurau Community Housing Limited (TMCHL), an incorporated body comprising the Tāmaki Collective, Te Tumu Kāinga, Community of Refuge Trust (CORT) and the New Zealand Housing Foundation. This consortium of Māori organisations and community housing providers (CHPs) shared a mission to provide affordable, good-quality housing, with a focus on meeting the housing needs of Maori and Pasifika families. Waimahia is an interesting case study of affordable housing provision for a number of reasons: • its 295 dwellings make it Aotearoa’s largest third sector housing development; • the complementary expertise of the consortium partners enabled an innovative organisational structure to be developed to finance and deliver the development; • it is a mixed tenure neighbourhood with 70% of homes either assisted home-ownership (shared equity and rent-to-buy/home saver) or retained by the community housing providers as affordable rentals; and • 50 % of households are Māori and 15% Pasifika.
- ItemPerinatal caprine milk oligosaccharides consumption alters maternal and offspring liver gene expression(2020-01-02) Thum C; Young W; Roy N; McNabb W
- ItemTalanoa Participatory - Impact Evaluation A Pacific Youth Gang Prevention and Intervention Programme Developed by Affirming Works (AW)(2023-07-03) Alefaio-Tugia S; Ioane J; Satele P; Satele J; Naepi MAotearoa New Zealand has a diverse population, including a significant Pacific community. Unfortunately, some Pacific youth are susceptible to gang involvement due to socio-economic factors, limited educational opportunities, and feelings of disconnection. This report details community-led efforts through a localised place-based strategy for the prevention of Pacific youth gang involvement in Otara, South Auckland New Zealand. The Pacific community faces unique challenges that contribute to gang membership among its youth population. To capture the complexities of this diverse cultural community, this report co-created and termed Talanoa (Pacific indigenous approach to dialogue) participatory-impact evaluation, as a culturally-responsive approach to examining the Affirming Works (AW) place-based initiative on youth gang prevention. Research and literature on youth gang prevention in Aotearoa NZ is scarce, this report provides a cohesive and current account of research available as a starting point. An overview of Pacific youth in Aotearoa NZ as part of the broader history of Pacific peoples migration, brings to light current socio-cultural challenges experienced by new generations of the Pacific diaspora living in Aotearoa. It also emphasizes how Pacific-Indigenous cultural values embedded in community-led initiatives can help to resolve tensions such as identity development, that is at the core of Pacific youth wellbeing. The global influence of gangs is undeniable as is the history of NZ gangs with its impact on society. It highlights the rise of youth gangs with a specific focus on South Auckland and provides an overview of global and local gang prevention and intervention initiatives. It draws on books, publications, journal articles and grey literature to set the context of youth gang prevention and intervention in Aotearoa New Zealand, within which the Affirming Works (AW) placed-based initiative is developed and situated.
- ItemApplying Materiality Judgements(SSRN, 2023-11-10) Botica Redmayne N; Ehalaiye D; Ahmad F; Edeigba J; Laswad FThis is a research report prepared for the New Zealand Accounting Standards Board (NZASB) of the External Reporting Board (XRB) on how the International Accounting Standards Board's (IASB's) requirements and guidance on materiality are applied to improve disclosures in general purpose financial statements.
- ItemThe Future of Work: Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the Workplace. (Report 16). BusinessFirstNZ(2023-11-21) Scott J; Macpherson W; Kobayashi KThis report summarises the fourth BusinessFirstNZ workshop for 2024, and 17th in the series, hosted by the Massey Business School to engage local businesses. The initiative seeks to assist business leaders to highlight business problems and seek practical solutions in their pursuit of business excellence and sustainable competitive advantage. In this half-day workshop, Associate Professor David Brougham from the School of Management gave attendees an overview and update of AI before helping them explore how it can be used in their working and daily lives for greater efficiency, effectiveness, and ultimately productivity. David drew on his expertise and research in the future of work to take participants through an afternoon of considering how emerging technologies might impact their workplace. The focus of the workshop was supporting attendees to think about the challenges and opportunities their business is likely to face in the next ten years, the jobs that might be automated in their industry, and to focus on the future of automation in their line of work. Highlights of the workshop included: • An overview of disruptive technologies, their impact on companies, and understanding the adoption of new ideas, products, and activities • Discussion on the different ways businesses already engage with AI tools, such as ChatGPT • Brainstorming about the ways in which businesses might use AI tools in the future • Implications for businesses as AI tools continue to become more mainstream
- ItemResearch Report: Female Sport Uniforms - A New Zealand NSO Analysis(2024-03-12) Batty RBackground and Objectives: While athlete/participant perspectives on female sport uniforms are a common focus for existing research within this domain, there is limited research on the individuals and groups that lead sport uniform-associated decisions, including the establishment of directives by sport governing bodies. This report presents current perspectives, decision-making processes, and directives pertaining to female sport uniform designs - as led by New Zealand National Sport Organisations (NSO’s). It also establishes if any uniform changes have been contemplated in light of the rising attention on women in sport. Literature Review Findings: Existing research suggests that uniform design elements (such as the cut, colour and tightness) can have a significant impact on self-perceived body image (Krane et al., 2004b; Nemeth et al., 2020b; Fang, Sun, Ahmed Laar & Lu, 2022). In alignment with these findings, Kosteli et al. (2014) suggest body dissatisfaction can be more prevalent in females participating in competitive sport due to associated social pressures regarding athletic physique. In many cases the fit of female sport uniforms is associated with sporting performance, i.e., it holds a particular function. Yet such designs can still reduce self-perceived body image and a loss of confidence (Nemeth et al., 2020b). The integration of stakeholders’ perspectives is key to an overarching understanding of the ways that body image can be addressed for females involved in sport (Koulanova et al., 2021b). Common stakeholders identified in female sport uniform design include the athlete (or participant), coaches, parents, peers and sport organisations. Coaches can be key agents within sport when it comes to the development of body ideals (Murphy et al., 2012; Warner et al., 2013). Findings: Of the original 30 NSO managers contacted, 26 completed the survey link. This equated to an 87 per cent response rate. 81.8 per cent (n=18) were aware of female sports uniforms style aspects that were affecting player confidence or anxiety. 59.1 per cent (n=13) noted that they had subsequently made changes to female uniforms. Survey respondents were presented with a list of seven possible uniform-design-related reasons for player loss of confidence and feelings of anxiety. Responses varied depending on the organisation and sport. Conclusions: Our findings acknowledge the key role NSO’s hold in leading sport-uniform associated decisions, thus providing an alternative viewpoint to existing studies on female sport uniform designs that primarily incorporate the athlete voice. The study also provides insight into organisational approaches to female sport uniform designs at regional and national levels of competition/representation, while factoring in requirements that may fall outside of the decision-making processes of NSO’s.
- ItemYoung New Zealanders and retirement savings engagement: a longitudinal study update(2020-02-01) Matthews C; Reyers M; Stangl J; Wood PThis report covers an interim update to the 20-year longitudinal study into how young New Zealanders learn about personal finance. The main longitudinal study, conducted at five-early intervals, launched in 2012 and comprised a cohort of New Zealanders aged 18 to 22 years, at that time. The second stage of the study took place in 2017 and the third stage will take place in 2022. Overall, the Longitudinal Study endeavours to understand issues related to the financial knowledge and financial education experience, both formal and informal, of the participants. Planned interim updates, such as this, enable on-going contact with the participants as well as providing a periodic snapshot of their financial knowledge progression and financial wellbeing. The study previously undertook interim updates in 2014 and 2016.
