Kepler K2 Campaign 9 – II. First space-based discovery of an exoplanet using microlensing

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dc.citation.issue4
dc.citation.volume520
dc.contributor.authorSpecht D
dc.contributor.authorPoleski R
dc.contributor.authorPenny MT
dc.contributor.authorKerins E
dc.contributor.authorMcDonald I
dc.contributor.authorChung-Uk L
dc.contributor.authorUdalski A
dc.contributor.authorBond IA
dc.contributor.authorShvartzvald Y
dc.contributor.authorZang W
dc.contributor.authorStreet RA
dc.contributor.authorHogg DW
dc.contributor.authorGaudi BS
dc.contributor.authorBarclay T
dc.contributor.authorBarentsen G
dc.contributor.authorHowell SB
dc.contributor.authorMullally F
dc.contributor.authorHenderson CB
dc.contributor.authorBryson ST
dc.contributor.authorCaldwell DA
dc.contributor.authorHaas MR
dc.contributor.authorVan Cleve JE
dc.contributor.authorLarson K
dc.contributor.authorMcCalmont K
dc.contributor.authorPeterson C
dc.contributor.authorPutnam D
dc.contributor.authorRoss S
dc.contributor.authorPackard M
dc.contributor.authorReedy L
dc.contributor.authorAlbrow MD
dc.contributor.authorSun-Ju C
dc.contributor.authorJung YK
dc.contributor.authorGould A
dc.contributor.authorHan C
dc.contributor.authorKyu-Ha H
dc.contributor.authorYoon-Hyun R
dc.contributor.authorIn-Gu S
dc.contributor.authorYang H
dc.contributor.authorYee JC
dc.contributor.authorSang-Mok C
dc.contributor.authorDong-Jin K
dc.contributor.authorSeung-Lee K
dc.contributor.authorDong-Joo L
dc.contributor.authorLee Y
dc.contributor.authorByeong-Gon P
dc.contributor.authorPogge RW
dc.contributor.authorSzymański MK
dc.contributor.authorSoszyński I
dc.contributor.authorUlaczyk K
dc.contributor.authorPietrukowicz P
dc.contributor.authorKozłowski SZ
dc.contributor.authorSkowron J
dc.contributor.authorMróz P
dc.contributor.authorMao S
dc.contributor.authorFouqué P
dc.contributor.authorZhu W
dc.contributor.authorAbe F
dc.contributor.authorBarry R
dc.contributor.authorBennett DP
dc.contributor.authorBhattacharya A
dc.contributor.authorFukui A
dc.contributor.authorFujii H
dc.contributor.authorHirao Y
dc.contributor.authorItow Y
dc.contributor.authorKirikawa R
dc.contributor.authorKondo I
dc.contributor.authorKoshimoto N
dc.contributor.authorMatsubara Y
dc.contributor.authorMatsumoto S
dc.contributor.authorMiyazaki S
dc.contributor.authorMuraki Y
dc.contributor.authorOlmschenk G
dc.contributor.authorRanc C
dc.contributor.authorOkamura A
dc.contributor.authorRattenbury NJ
dc.contributor.authorSatoh Y
dc.contributor.authorSumi T
dc.contributor.authorSuzuki D
dc.contributor.authorSilva SI
dc.contributor.authorToda T
dc.contributor.authorTristram PJ
dc.contributor.authorVandorou A
dc.contributor.authorYama H
dc.contributor.authorBeichman C
dc.contributor.authorBryden G
dc.contributor.authorNovati SC
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-15T22:10:16Z
dc.date.available2025-01-15T22:10:16Z
dc.date.issued2023-04-01
dc.description.abstractWe present K2-2016-BLG-0005Lb, a densely sampled, planetary binary caustic-crossing microlensing event found from a blind search of data gathered from Campaign 9 of the Kepler K2 mission (K2C9). K2-2016-BLG-0005Lb is the first bound microlensing exoplanet discovered from space-based data. The event has caustic entry and exit points that are resolved in the K2C9 data, enabling the lens-source relative proper motion to be measured. We have fitted a binary microlens model to the Kepler data and to simultaneous observations from multiple ground-based surveys. Whilst the ground-based data only sparsely sample the binary caustic, they provide a clear detection of parallax that allows us to break completely the microlensing mass-position-velocity degeneracy and measure the planet’s mass directly. We find a host mass of 0.58 ± 0.04 M and a planetary mass of 1.1 ± 0.1 MJ. The system lies at a distance of 5.2 ± 0.2 kpc from Earth towards the Galactic bulge, more than twice the distance of the previous most distant planet found by Kepler. The sky-projected separation of the planet from its host is found to be 4.2 ± 0.3 au which, for circular orbits, deprojects to a host separation a = 4.4+−0149 au and orbital period P = 13+−29 yr. This makes K2-2016-BLG-0005Lb a close Jupiter analogue orbiting a low-mass host star. According to current planet formation models, this system is very close to the host mass threshold below which Jupiters are not expected to form. Upcoming space-based exoplanet microlensing surveys by NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope and, possibly, ESA’s Euclid mission, will provide demanding tests of current planet formation models.
dc.format.pagination6350-6366
dc.identifier.citationSpecht D, Poleski R, Penny MT, Kerins E, McDonald I, Chung-Uk L, Udalski A, Bond IA, Shvartzvald Y, Zang W, Street RA, Hogg DW, Gaudi BS, Barclay T, Barentsen G, Howell SB, Mullally F, Henderson CB, Bryson ST, Caldwell DA, Haas MR, Van Cleve JE, Larson K, McCalmont K, Peterson C, Putnam D, Ross S, Packard M, Reedy L, Albrow MD, Sun-Ju C, Jung YK, Gould A, Han C, Kyu-Ha H, Yoon-Hyun R, In-Gu S, Yang H, Yee JC, Sang-Mok C, Dong-Jin K, Seung-Lee K, Dong-Joo L, Lee Y, Byeong-Gon P, Pogge RW, Szymański MK, Soszyński I, Ulaczyk K, Pietrukowicz P, Kozłowski SZ, Skowron J, Mróz P, Mao S, Fouqué P, Zhu W, Abe F, Barry R, Bennett DP, Bhattacharya A, Fukui A, Fujii H, Hirao Y, Itow Y, Kirikawa R, Kondo I, Koshimoto N, Matsubara Y, Matsumoto S, Miyazaki S, Muraki Y, Olmschenk G, Ranc C, Okamura A, Rattenbury NJ, Satoh Y, Sumi T, Suzuki D, Silva SI, Toda T, Tristram PJ, Vandorou A, Yama H, Beichman C, Bryden G, Novati SC. (2023). Kepler K2 Campaign 9 – II. First space-based discovery of an exoplanet using microlensing. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 520. 4. (pp. 6350-6366).
dc.identifier.doi10.1093/mnras/stad212
dc.identifier.eissn1365-2966
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn0035-8711
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/72376
dc.publisherOxford University Pressen
dc.relation.isPartOfMonthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
dc.rights(c) The author/sen
dc.rights.licenseCC BYen
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.titleKepler K2 Campaign 9 – II. First space-based discovery of an exoplanet using microlensing
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id461871
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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