A perspective on green, blue, and grey spaces, biodiversity, microbiota, and human health.

Simple item page
dc.citation.volume892
dc.contributor.authorPotter JD
dc.contributor.authorBrooks C
dc.contributor.authorDonovan G
dc.contributor.authorCunningham C
dc.contributor.authorDouwes J
dc.coverage.spatialNetherlands
dc.date.accessioned2024-06-19T02:49:03Z
dc.date.available2024-06-19T02:49:03Z
dc.date.issued2023-09-20
dc.description.abstractHumans have lived from equator to poles for millennia but are now increasingly intruding into the wild spaces of other species and steadily extruding ourselves from our own wild spaces, with a profound impact on: our relationship with the natural world; survival of other species; pollution; climate change; etc. We have yet to grasp how these changes directly impact our own health. The primary focus of this paper is on the beneficial influence of proximity to the natural environment. We summarize the evidence for associations between exposure to green space and blue space and improvements in health. In contrast, grey space - the urban landscape - largely presents hazards as well as reducing exposure to green and blue space and isolating us from the natural environment. We discuss various hypotheses that might explain why green, blue, and grey space affect health and focus particularly on the importance of the biodiversity hypothesis and the role of microbiota. We discuss possible mechanisms and exposure routes - air, soil, and water. We highlight the problem of exposure assessment, noting that many of our current tools are not fit for the purpose of understanding exposure to green and blue space, aerosols, soils, and water. We briefly discuss possible differences between indigenous perspectives on the nature of our relationship with the environment and the more dominant international-science view. Finally, we present research gaps and discuss future directions, particularly focusing on the ways in which we might - even in the absence of a full understanding of the mechanisms by which blue, green, and grey space affect our health - begin to implement policies to restore some balance to our environment of with the aim of reducing the large global burden of ill health.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.edition.editionSeptember 2023
dc.format.pagination164772-
dc.identifier.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37308017
dc.identifier.citationPotter JD, Brooks C, Donovan G, Cunningham C, Douwes J. (2023). A perspective on green, blue, and grey spaces, biodiversity, microbiota, and human health.. Sci Total Environ. 892. (pp. 164772-).
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.164772
dc.identifier.eissn1879-1026
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn0048-9697
dc.identifier.number164772
dc.identifier.piiS0048-9697(23)03395-8
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/69912
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherElsevier B.V.
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969723033958
dc.relation.isPartOfSci Total Environ
dc.rights(c) 2023 The Author/s
dc.rightsCC BY-NC 4.0
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
dc.subjectAerosols
dc.subjectAir
dc.subjectBiodiversity
dc.subjectBiophilia
dc.subjectBlue space
dc.subjectEnvironmental microbiota
dc.subjectExposure assessment
dc.subjectGreen space
dc.subjectGrey space
dc.subjectHuman ecology
dc.subjectHuman health
dc.subjectHuman microbiota
dc.subjectIndigenous perspective
dc.subjectInfectious diseases
dc.subjectNon-communicable diseases
dc.subjectSoil
dc.subjectWater
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectSoil
dc.subjectBiodiversity
dc.subjectEnvironmental Pollution
dc.subjectMicrobiota
dc.subjectParks, Recreational
dc.titleA perspective on green, blue, and grey spaces, biodiversity, microbiota, and human health.
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id462097
pubs.organisational-groupCollege of Health
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