Māori women, health care, and contemporary realities : a critical reflection : a thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Health) at Massey University, Wellington, New Zealand
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Date
2015
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Massey University
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Abstract
Māori women, health care and contemporary realities is a critical reflection on the context
of my nursing practice, a Pākehā nurse employed by Kokiri Marae Health and Social
Services (KMHSS), Lower Hutt, Aotearoa New Zealand. In addressing the disparities Māori
experience KMHSS has the motto, “Committed to the holistic development of whānau, hapū,
and iwi”. The research aimed to explore from the experiences of urban Māori women,
influences on their health and health care engagement. Kawa Whakaruruhau, the critical
nursing theory of cultural safety for Māori health care, informs a qualitative approach, a
human rights perspective, with its categories of difference, power, and subjective assessment.
In turn, whiteness theory, with its categories of white (and not so white) power and privilege,
informs Kawa Whakaruruhau. The women’s stories were received in an unstructured
interview method and analysed thematically. The historical, social, cultural, economic,
political, racial and gendered factors contributing to Māori women’s health and health care
engagement are presented as a geography of health, and as landscapes past, present and
future. Landscapes past tell of the disruption of the whakapapa connections of land,
language and health by the historical and ongoing processes of colonisation. Landscapes
present tell of health care places and spaces that by their policies, cultures, structures, and
health professional practice, network and connect to include or to exclude Māori women and
their families. Landscapes future are envisioned by the women as they remember what is
and has been, and then imagine for themselves and at times succeeding generations, what
they require as Indigenous to be central to health care. The women imagine what they need
to parent for their children to have a good life; they imagine a therapeutic landscape.
(In)authentic identities are presented as chronicities of risk, inhabiting disease and poverty.
The women expressed authentic mana wāhine identity uniquely and heterogeneously.
Recommendations have been made for nursing practice, research site and research.
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Keywords
Women, Maori, Medical care, New Zealand, Research Subject Categories::INTERDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH AREAS::Health and medical services in society