Felis catus papillomavirus type 2 virus-like particle vaccine is safe and immunogenic but does not reduce FcaPV-2 viral loads in adult cats

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dc.citation.volume213
dc.contributor.authorThomson NA
dc.contributor.authorHowe L
dc.contributor.authorWeidgraaf K
dc.contributor.authorThomas DG
dc.contributor.authorYoung V
dc.contributor.authorWard VK
dc.contributor.authorMunday JS
dc.date.available2019-07
dc.date.available2019-06-26
dc.date.issued2019-07
dc.description.abstractFelis catus papillomavirus type 2 (FcaPV-2) commonly infects the skin of domestic cats and has been associated with the development of skin cancer. In the present study, a FcaPV-2 virus-like particle (VLP) vaccine was produced and assessed for vaccine safety, immunogenicity, and impact on FcaPV-2 viral load. This is the first report of the use of a papillomavirus VLP vaccine in domestic cats. The FcaPV-2 VLP vaccine was given to ten adult cats that were naturally infected with FcaPV-2, and a further ten naturally infected cats were sham vaccinated as a control group. The rationale for vaccinating cats already infected with the virus was to induce neutralizing antibody titers that could prevent reinfection of new areas of skin and reduce the overall viral load, as has been demonstrated in other species. Reducing the overall FcaPV-2 viral load could reduce the risk for subsequent PV-associated cancer. The vaccine in this study was well-tolerated, as none of the cats developed any signs of local reaction or systemic illness. In the treatment group, the geometric mean anti-papillomavirus endpoint antibody titers increased significantly following vaccination from 606 (95% CI 192-1913) to 4223 (2023-8814), a 7.0-fold increase, although the individual antibody response varied depending on the level of pre-existing antibodies. Despite the immunogenicity of the vaccine, there was no significant change in FcaPV-2 viral load in the treatment group compared to the control group, over the 24 week follow-up period. A possible reason is that FcaPV-2 was already widespread in the basal skin layer of these adult cats and so preventing further cells from becoming infected had no impact on the overall viral load. Therefore, these results do not support the use of a FcaPV-2 VLP vaccine to reduce the risk for PV-associated cancer in cats in which FcaPV-2 infection is already well established. However, these results justify future studies in which the vaccine is administered to younger cats prior to FcaPV-2 infection becoming fully established.
dc.description.publication-statusPublished
dc.identifierhttp://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000479024100007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=c5bb3b2499afac691c2e3c1a83ef6fef
dc.identifierARTN 109888
dc.identifier.citationVETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY, 2019, 213
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.vetimm.2019.109888
dc.identifier.eissn1873-2534
dc.identifier.elements-id424671
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.issn0165-2427
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10179/14811
dc.publisherElsevier BV
dc.relation.isPartOfVETERINARY IMMUNOLOGY AND IMMUNOPATHOLOGY
dc.subjectCat
dc.subjectFcaPV-2
dc.subjectPapillomavirus
dc.subjectVirus-like particle
dc.subjectVaccine
dc.subjectViral load
dc.subject.anzsrc0608 Zoology
dc.subject.anzsrc0707 Veterinary Sciences
dc.titleFelis catus papillomavirus type 2 virus-like particle vaccine is safe and immunogenic but does not reduce FcaPV-2 viral loads in adult cats
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.notesNot known
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Sciences
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Sciences/School of Agriculture & Environment
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Sciences/School of Veterinary Science
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/Other
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