Basic Volcanic Elements of the Arxan-Chaihe Volcanic Field, Inner Mongolia, NE China
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Date
2020-10-30
Open Access Location
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
inTech Open: Rijeka, Croatia
Rights
(c) The Author(s)
Abstract
The Arxan-Chaihe Volcanic Field, Inner Mongolia, NE China is a Pleistocene
to Recent volcanic field still considered to be active. In this chapter we provide
an update of current volcanological research conducted in the last four years to
describe the volcanic architecture of the identified vents, their eruptive history
and potential volcanic hazards. Here we provide an evidence-based summary of
the most common volcanic eruption styles and types the field experienced in its
evolution. The volcanic field is strongly controlled by older structural elements
of the region. Hence most of the volcanoes of the field are fissure-controlled,
fissure-aligned and erupted in Hawaiian to Strombolian-style creating lava spatter
and scoria cone cone chains. One of the largest and most complex volcano of the
field (Tongxin) experienced a violent phreatomagmatic explosive phase creating
a maar in an intra-mountain basin, while the youngest known eruptions formed a
triple vent set (Yanshan) that reached violent Strombolian phases and created an
extensive ash and lapilli plains in the surrounding areas. This complex vent system
also emitted voluminous lava flows that change the landscape by damming fluival
networks, providing a volcanological paradise for the recently established Arxan
UNESCO GLobal Geopark.
Description
Keywords
scoria, spatter, fissure, maar, tuff ring, pyroclastic density current, ash, tumuli
Citation
Volcanoes - Updates in Volcanology, 2020, pp. 1 - 31