Enzootic calcinosis in Toggenburg goats in New Zealand.

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dc.citation.issue1
dc.citation.volume72
dc.contributor.authorBrown SE
dc.contributor.authorCollett MG
dc.contributor.authorMatthews ZM
dc.contributor.authorMarshall JC
dc.contributor.authorDittmer KE
dc.coverage.spatialEngland
dc.date.accessioned2024-08-07T21:35:22Z
dc.date.available2024-08-07T21:35:22Z
dc.date.issued2024-01-01
dc.description.abstractCASE HISTORY: Necropsies on Toggenburg goats culled from a small farm in the Manawatū district of New Zealand, performed at Massey University (Palmerston North, NZ) over a period of 29 years (1991-2019), revealed soft tissue mineralisation, particularly of cardiovascular tissues. The farm spans 10 acres and runs between 15 and 30 Toggenburg goats. The goats are predominantly on pasture comprising a variety of types. PATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS: Necropsies were performed on all adult goats (n = 45) that died or were euthanised. Histopathology was performed on 42 goats (93%), of which 33 (73%) included sufficient tissues diagnostically relevant to soft tissue mineralisation. The most significant gross findings were in various arteries, with the aorta most commonly affected, followed by the heart and lungs. The aortic intima showed prominent, multifocal to coalescing, raised, wrinkled, white plaques. Microscopically there were multiphasic lesions of mineralisation, chondroid, and osseous metaplasia in the elastic arteries, aorta, heart and lungs. A lumbar vertebra from one goat had prominent, basophilic, fibrillar, tangled matrix lining Haversian canals and lamellae. LABORATORY FINDINGS: Blood samples were collected from 15 adult goats in the affected herd and from 10 adult Toggenburg goats from an unaffected herd. Samples were collected by jugular venipuncture at 2-month intervals for 12 months (April 2018-March 2019). Concentrations of calcium, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 and D3 (25OHD2, 25OHD3) in serum were analysed. The concentration of total 25OHD in serum was 34.2 (95% CI = 18.9-49.4) nmol/L (p < 0.001) higher in goats from the affected herd than in goats from the unaffected herd. Serum 25OHD2 concentration was 46.2 (95% CI = 39.2-53.2) nmol/L higher (p < 0.001) in goats from the affected herd compared to the unaffected herd. Serum Ca concentrations in affected goats were 0.101 (95% CI = 0.005-0.196) mmol/L higher (p = 0.039) than unaffected goats, but remained within the reference range. There was no evidence of a difference in serum 25OHD3 and P concentration between the herds. VEGETATION SURVEY: All paddocks on the property were surveyed every 2 months along evenly spaced line transects, and then further traversed perpendicularly to form a grid. No known calcinogenic species were identified. Known plant sources of vitamin D identified on the farm included mushrooms (species not defined), Dactylis glomerata, lichen, pine pollen, and algae. DIAGNOSIS: Soft tissue mineralisation and enzootic calcinosis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Veterinarians are alerted to the possibility of either enzootic calcinosis in goats and the potential occurrence of calcinogenic plants in New Zealand; or chronic vitamin D toxicosis of non-plant origin.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.edition.edition2024
dc.format.pagination45-52
dc.identifier.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37752886
dc.identifier.citationBrown SE, Collett MG, Matthews ZM, Marshall JC, Dittmer KE. (2024). Enzootic calcinosis in Toggenburg goats in New Zealand.. N Z Vet J. 72. 1. (pp. 45-52).
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/00480169.2023.2263399
dc.identifier.eissn1176-0710
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn0048-0169
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/71230
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherTaylor and Francis Group
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00480169.2023.2263399
dc.relation.isPartOfN Z Vet J
dc.rights(c) 2023 The Author/s
dc.rightsCC BY-NC-ND 4.0
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
dc.subjectVascular mineralisation
dc.subjectaorta
dc.subjectcalcification
dc.subjectcalcinogenic plants
dc.subjectenzootic calcinosis
dc.subjectgoat
dc.subjectvitamin D
dc.subjectHumans
dc.subjectAnimals
dc.subjectNew Zealand
dc.subjectVitamin D
dc.subjectCalcifediol
dc.subjectCalcinosis
dc.subjectGoats
dc.subjectGoat Diseases
dc.titleEnzootic calcinosis in Toggenburg goats in New Zealand.
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id480641
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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