Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability Change with Sleep Stage in Dairy Cows

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dc.citation.issue7
dc.citation.volume11
dc.contributor.authorHunter LB
dc.contributor.authorHaskell MJ
dc.contributor.authorLangford FM
dc.contributor.authorO'Connor C
dc.contributor.authorWebster JR
dc.contributor.authorStafford KJ
dc.contributor.editorVan Eerdenburg FJCM
dc.coverage.spatialSwitzerland
dc.date.accessioned2024-05-28T21:51:03Z
dc.date.available2024-05-28T21:51:03Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-14
dc.description.abstractChanges to the amount and patterns of sleep stages could be a useful tool to assess the effects of stress or changes to the environment in animal welfare research. However, the gold standard method, polysomnography PSG, is difficult to use with large animals such as dairy cows. Heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) can be used to predict sleep stages in humans and could be useful as an easier method to identify sleep stages in cows. We compared the mean HR and HRV and lying posture of dairy cows at pasture and when housed, with sleep stages identified through PSG. HR and HRV were higher when cows were moving their heads or when lying flat on their side. Overall, mean HR decreased with depth of sleep. There was more variability in time between successive heart beats during REM sleep, and more variability in time between heart beats when cows were awake and in REM sleep. These shifts in HR measures between sleep stages followed similar patterns despite differences in mean HR between the groups. Our results show that HR and HRV measures could be a promising alternative method to PSG for assessing sleep in dairy cows.
dc.description.confidentialfalse
dc.edition.editionJuly 2021
dc.format.pagination2095-
dc.identifier.author-urlhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34359221
dc.identifier.citationHunter LB, Haskell MJ, Langford FM, O'Connor C, Webster JR, Stafford KJ. (2021). Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability Change with Sleep Stage in Dairy Cows.. Animals (Basel). 11. 7. (pp. 2095-).
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/ani11072095
dc.identifier.eissn2076-2615
dc.identifier.elements-typejournal-article
dc.identifier.issn2076-2615
dc.identifier.numberARTN 2095
dc.identifier.piiani11072095
dc.identifier.urihttps://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/69673
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherMDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
dc.publisher.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/7/2095
dc.relation.isPartOfAnimals (Basel)
dc.rights(c) The author/sen
dc.rights.licenseCC BYen
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/en
dc.subjectdairy cows
dc.subjectheart rate
dc.subjectheart rate variability
dc.subjectpolysomnography
dc.subjectsleep
dc.titleHeart Rate and Heart Rate Variability Change with Sleep Stage in Dairy Cows
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.elements-id447903
pubs.organisational-groupOther
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