“Saving Precious Seconds”—A Novel Approach to Implementing a Low-Cost Earthquake Early Warning System with Node-Level Detection and Alert Generation

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dc.citation.issue25
dc.citation.volume9
dc.contributor.authorPrasanna R
dc.contributor.authorChandrakumar C
dc.contributor.authorNandana R
dc.contributor.authorHolden C
dc.contributor.authorPunchihewa A
dc.contributor.authorBecker JS
dc.contributor.authorJeong S
dc.contributor.authorLiyanage N
dc.contributor.authorRavishan D
dc.contributor.authorSampath R
dc.contributor.authorTan ML
dc.date.available8/03/2022
dc.date.issued8/03/2022
dc.description.abstractThis paper presents findings from ongoing research that explores the ability to use Micro-Electromechanical Systems (MEMS)-based technologies and various digital communication protocols for earthquake early warning (EEW). The paper proposes a step-by-step guide to developing a unique EEW network architecture driven by a Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN)-based hole-punching technology consisting of MEMS-based, low-cost accelerometers hosted by the general public. In contrast with most centralised cloud-based approaches, a node-level decentralised data-processing is used to generate warnings with the support of a modified Propagation of Local Undamped Motion (PLUM)-based EEW algorithm. With several hypothetical earthquake scenarios, experiments were conducted to evaluate the system latencies of the proposed decentralised EEW architecture and its performance was compared with traditional centralised EEW architecture. The results from sixty simulations show that the SD-WAN-based hole-punching architecture supported by the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) creates the optimum alerting conditions. Furthermore, the results provide clear evidence to show that the decentralised EEW system architecture can outperform the centralised EEW architecture and can save valuable seconds when generating EEW, leading to a longer warning time for the end-user. This paper contributes to the EEW literature by proposing a novel EEW network architecture.
dc.description.confidentialFALSE
dc.format.extentJan-32
dc.identifier.citationInformatics, 2022, 9 (25), pp. 1 - 32
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/informatics9010025
dc.identifier.elements-id451615
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.issn2227-9709
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10179/17033
dc.publisherMDPI (Basel, Switzerland)
dc.relation.isPartOfInformatics
dc.relation.urihttps://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/9/1/25/htm
dc.subjectcitizen science
dc.subjectdecentralised architecture
dc.subjectearthquake early warning
dc.subjectMEMS
dc.subjectPLUM algorithm
dc.subjectsoftware-defined network
dc.subject.anzsrc0806 Information Systems
dc.subject.anzsrc0807 Library and Information Studies
dc.title“Saving Precious Seconds”—A Novel Approach to Implementing a Low-Cost Earthquake Early Warning System with Node-Level Detection and Alert Generation
dc.typeJournal article
pubs.notesNot known
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Humanities and Social Sciences
pubs.organisational-group/Massey University/College of Humanities and Social Sciences/Joint Centre for Disaster Research
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