Organic contaminants in Ganga basin: from the Green Revolution to the emerging concerns of modern India.

Ghirardelli A; Tarolli P; Kameswari Rajasekaran M; Mudbhatkal A; Macklin MG; Masin R

Organic contaminants in Ganga basin: from the Green Revolution to the emerging concerns of modern India.

dc.citation.issue	3
dc.citation.volume	24
dc.contributor.author	Ghirardelli A
dc.contributor.author	Tarolli P
dc.contributor.author	Kameswari Rajasekaran M
dc.contributor.author	Mudbhatkal A
dc.contributor.author	Macklin MG
dc.contributor.author	Masin R
dc.coverage.spatial	United States
dc.date.accessioned	2024-11-18T20:22:10Z
dc.date.available	2024-11-18T20:22:10Z
dc.date.issued	2021-02-17
dc.description.abstract	The Ganga basin includes some of the most densely populated areas in the world, in a region characterized by extremely high demographic and economic growth rates. Although anthropogenic pressure in this area is increasing, the pollution status of the Ganga is still poorly studied and understood. In the light of this, we have carried out a systematic literature review of the sources, levels and spatiotemporal distribution of organic pollutants in surface water and sediment of the Ganga basin, including for the first time emerging contaminants (ECs). We have identified 61 publications over the past thirty years, with data on a total of 271 organic compounds, including pesticides, industrial chemicals, and by-products, artificial sweeteners, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products (PPCPs). The most studied organic contaminants are pesticides, whereas knowledge of industrial compounds and PPCPs, among which some of the major ECs, is highly fragmentary. Most studies focus on the main channel of the Ganga, the Yamuna, the Gomti, and the deltaic region, while most of the Ganga's major tributaries, and the entire southern part of the catchment, have not been investigated. Hotspots of contamination coincide with major urban agglomerations, including Delhi, Kolkata, Kanpur, Varanasi, and Patna. Pesticides levels have decreased at most of the sites over recent decades, while potentially harmful concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organotin compounds (OTCs), and some PPCPs have been detected in the last ten years. Considering the limited geographical coverage of sampling and number of analyzed compounds, this review highlights the need for a more careful selection of locations, compounds and environmental matrices, prioritizing PPCPs and catchment-scale, source-to-sink studies.
dc.description.confidential	false
dc.format.pagination	102122-
dc.identifier.author-url	https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33665550
dc.identifier.citation	Ghirardelli A, Tarolli P, Kameswari Rajasekaran M, Mudbhatkal A, Macklin MG, Masin R. (2021). Organic contaminants in Ganga basin: from the Green Revolution to the emerging concerns of modern India.. iScience. 24. 3. (pp. 102122-).
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.isci.2021.102122
dc.identifier.eissn	2589-0042
dc.identifier.elements-type	journal-article
dc.identifier.issn	2589-0042
dc.identifier.number	ARTN 102122
dc.identifier.pii	S2589-0042(21)00090-0
dc.identifier.uri	https://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/72020
dc.language	eng
dc.publisher	Elsevier B.V.
dc.publisher.uri	https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004221000900
dc.relation.isPartOf	iScience
dc.rights	(c) 2021 The Author/s
dc.rights	CC BY 4.0
dc.rights.uri	https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.subject	Earth Sciences
dc.subject	Environmental Monitoring
dc.subject	Environmental Science
dc.subject	Pollution
dc.title	Organic contaminants in Ganga basin: from the Green Revolution to the emerging concerns of modern India.
dc.type	Journal article
pubs.elements-id	440918
pubs.organisational-group	College of Health