Quantifying risk factors for human brucellosis in rural northern Tanzania

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dc.contributor.authorJohn K
dc.contributor.authorFitzpatrick J
dc.contributor.authorFrench N
dc.contributor.authorKazwala R
dc.contributor.authorKambarage D
dc.contributor.authorMfinanga GS
dc.contributor.authorMacMillan A
dc.contributor.authorCleaveland S
dc.date.accessioned2010-12-06T00:01:10Z
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-06T22:26:22Z
dc.date.availableNO_RESTRICTION
dc.date.available2010-12-06T00:01:10Z
dc.date.available2016-03-06T22:26:22Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.descriptionFunding: The study was funded by the Department for International Development of the UK through the Animal Health Programme. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
dc.description.abstractBackground Brucellosis is a zoonosis of veterinary, public health and economic significance in most developing countries. Human brucellosis is a severely debilitating disease that requires prolonged treatment with a combination of antibiotics. The disease can result in permanent and disabling sequel, and results in considerable medical expenses in addition to loss of income due to loss of working hours. A study was conducted in Northern Tanzania to determine the risk factors for transmission of brucellosis to humans in Tanzania. Methods This was a matched case-control study. Any patient with a positive result by a competitive ELISA (c-ELISA) test for brucellosis, and presenting to selected hospitals with at least two clinical features suggestive of brucellosis such as headache, recurrent or continuous fever, sweating, joint pain, joint swelling, general body malaise or backache, was defined as a case. For every case in a district, a corresponding control was traced and matched by sex using multistage cluster sampling. Other criteria for inclusion as a control included a negative c-ELISA test result and that the matched individual would present to hospital if falls sick. Results Multivariable analysis showed that brucellosis was associated with assisted parturition during abortion in cattle, sheep or goat. It was shown that individuals living in close proximity to other households had a higher risk of brucellosis. People who were of Christian religion were found to have a higher risk of brucellosis compared to other religions. The study concludes that assisting an aborting animal, proximity to neighborhoods, and Christianity were associated with brucellosis infection. There was no association between human brucellosis and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) serostatus. Protecting humans against contact with fluids and tissues during assisted parturition of livestock may be an important means of reducing the risk of transferring brucellosis from livestock to humans. These can be achieved through health education to the communities where brucellosis is common.
dc.identifier.citationJohn, K., Fitzpatrick, J., French, N., Kazwala, R., Kambarage, D., Mfinanga, G. S., et al. (2010). Quantifying Risk Factors for Human Brucellosis in Rural Northern Tanzania. Plos One, 5(3), e9968. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009968
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.harvestedMassey_Dark
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10179/1952
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPloS
dc.relation.isbasedonPLoS One
dc.relation.isformatofhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009968
dc.rights2010 John et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
dc.rights2010 John et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
dc.subjectBrucellosis
dc.subjectZoonoses
dc.subjectTanzania
dc.subjectRural population
dc.subjectCase-control study
dc.subject.otherFields of Research::320000 Medical and Health Sciences::321200 Public Health and Health Services
dc.titleQuantifying risk factors for human brucellosis in rural northern Tanzania
dc.typeJournal article
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