Conference Papers

Permanent URI for this collection

https://mro.massey.ac.nz/handle/10179/7616

Browse

Browsing Conference Papers by Subject "0702 Animal Production"

Now showing 1 - 7 of 7
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Brief Communication: Assessing the current value of milk, meat and fibre products from the goat industry in New Zealand
    (New Zealand Society of Animal Production, 28/06/2017) Lopez-Lozano, SR; Scholtens, MR; Smith, RMC; Lopez-Villalobos; Burt, D; Harper, L; Thomas, D; Carr, AJ; Gray, D; Tozer, PR; schreurs, N
    Goats have a historical record of being productive and valuable to families and communities (Aziz 2010). Small ruminants, which include goats, still have an ‘unfulfilled’ potential despite the numbers of animals farmed and their distribution around the world (Anaeto et al. 2010). Pollot and Wilson (2009) concluded that goats deserve greater attention due to their capacity for producing food. A similar study in New Zealand (Sheppard & O’Donnell 1979), described the uses of goats for meat, skins, milk and mohair and concluded that the goat was valuable, but that the production potential was largely unfulfilled. A recent New Zealand study (Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry 2009) concluded that food-consumption patterns are changing in New Zealand, and globally demand for more diversified products provided an opportunity for goat meat. The objective of this study was to determine the current value of domestic and exported New Zealand goat products and to explore possible future products and their target markets. Many of these product values are gathered from retailers, personal communications and individual producers. This research is an attempt to bring together information that has not yet been gathered to present a current value of the goat in New Zealand.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Brief communication: Do different grazing strategies affect pre-weaning calf growth rates?
    (The New Zealand Society of Animal Production, 2016) Back, PJ; Hickson, RE; van Bouwel, K; de Cock, H; Verdurman, J; Sneddon, NW; Laven, RA
    Rearing replacement heifer calves is a labour-intensive and expensive component of dairy systems (Drackley 2008). Large numbers of replacement heifers are not meeting target live weights in New Zealand (McNaughton & Lopdell 2012) which has implications for future milk production, fertility and subsequent longevity in the herd (Van Amburgh & Tikofsky 2001). This paper reports results from the second year of a long-term experiment being conducted at Massey University that examines the impact of colostral status and liveweight gain of heifer calves fed different diets on subsequent milk production, fertility and longevity in the herd. Previous work (Cardoso et al. 2015) demonstrated no difference in pre-weaning liveweight gain of calves fed different levels of milk. The calves in that study ate surprisingly little meal. It was surmised that the exposure to frequent shifts onto fresh pasture stimulated intake of pasture, and removed the advantage of feeding calves higher levels of milk and supplementation with meal. Anecdotally, many calves when removed from rearing sheds to pasture are kept on the same paddocks as they are not a high priority for pasture allocation. Therefore, the aim of this experiment was further collection of colostral and Brix data as described by Coleman et al. (2015), and to compare pre-weaning growth rates of calves that are continually offered fresh pasture to those that are set stocked.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Brief communication: The potential of the New Zealand goat industry
    (New Zealand Society of Animal Production, 30/06/2017) Smith, RMC; Scholtens, MR; Lopez-Lozano, SR; Lopez-Villalobos; Burt, D; Harper, L; Thomas, D; Carr, AJ; Gray, D; Tozer, PR; Schreurs
    The New Zealand goat industry is evolving and there is potential for expansion of its export products. The production and value of the New Zealand goat industry has been explored previously when the industry was in its infancy (Sheppard & O’Donnell 1979), at a time when Mohair production was seen to be ‘the most profitable goat farming enterprise’. Since then major expansion has occurred in the production and export of dairy-goat products, and the production of quality Boer goat meat is under consideration. In order for further progress to be made, knowledge of the current production levels and value of the goat industry, and its potential for expansion is required. Using information describing the current situation of the goat industry (Scholtens et al. 2017) and the value of the goat (Lopez-Lozano et al. 2017), a model was created to estimate the current and potential production and value of the New Zealand goat industry by 2025.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    The current state of the New Zealand goat industry
    (New Zealand Society of Animal Production, 30/06/2017) Scholtens, MR; Smith, RMC; Lopez-Lozano, SR; Lopez-Villalobos, N; Burt, D; Harper, L; Tuohy, M; Thomas, DG; Carr, AJ; Gray, DI; Tozer, PR; Schreurs, NM
    Goat farming in New Zealand has a lower profile compared to dairy, sheep and beef systems. The goat industry is small in New Zealand (Stafford & Prosser, 2016) and there has been limited consideration of the potential for the industry to expand (Shepard & O’Donnell, 1979). The environmental and commodity market constraints currently impacting pastoral systems in New Zealand provide an opportunity for the goat industry to have a greater economic contribution to New Zealand’s agricultural production. In New Zealand, goats are farmed for milk, meat and fibre production and also act as a mechanism for controlling excess pasture growth, enhancing clover in mixed pasture and controlling weeds (Batten, 2014). The aim of this paper was to present an overview of the goat industry to provide background knowledge for consideration when deciding the direction of the goat industries in New Zealand. As part of the overview, farmers, processors and industry bodies were contacted to obtain an estimate of the number and location of goats farmed in New Zealand. Although some of the sources of information for the goat industry are not perfect, this research is an attempt to bring together information that has not been consolidated in nearly 40 years (Shepard & O’Donnell, 1979) and was achieved as part of a three-part study with companion papers being produced (Lopez-Lozano et al. 2017; Smith et al. 2017). Information from this study were used in conjunction with the value of the goat industry (Lopez-Lozano et al. 2017) to project the potential of the New Zealand goat industry (Smith et al. 2017).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Grazing behaviour and species selection of heifer calves fed different forages
    (The New Zealand Society of Animal Production, 2016) Back, PJ; Hickson, RE; Lilly, VM; Coleman, LW; Sneddon, NW; Laven, RA
    The aim of this experiment was to determine whether there was a difference in the behaviour of calves grazing different forages. Weaned dairy heifer calves (n = 64) were assigned to two different forage feeding treatments: ryegrass pasture and a clover-herb mix. Behavioural observations were recorded every 10 minutes over a 72 h period. Behaviours recorded were standing, walking, lying or sitting, grazing, ruminating, drinking/grooming, playing and various combinations of these. Calves grazing pasture spent more time lying and ruminating compared to calves grazing the clover-herb mix (34.6% vs 16.7%), and less time standing and grazing (17.2% vs 32.2%). Calves were less active from late evening and early morning and more likely to be ruminating earlier in the day and grazing later in the day. Plant selection (measured as plant disappearance rate) was determined in calves grazing the clover-herb mix. Red clover had the highest disappearance rate on all days compared to other species (P<0.05). Plantain, chicory and white clover eaten on day one did not differ in proportions eaten, but by day three less red clover and chicory remained compared to plantain and white clover (P<0.05).
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Meat proteolysis by pepsin highlighted by maldi imaging mass spectrometry
    (Archivos Latinoamericanos de Produccion Animal, 2014) Theron, L; Venien, A; Boland, MJ; Kaur, L; Loison, O; Chambon, C; Sante-Lhoutellier, V; Astruc, T
    The aim of this study was to highlight the in situ hydrolysis of proteins to peptides on a muscle tissue section. In this context, a bovine muscle was incubated in a pepsin solution, cryofixed and sectioned. MALDI (Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization) Mass spectrometry imaging was used to obtain the ionic map of proteins directly on the muscle section. This method allowed us to localize the appearance and disappearance of proteins or fragments of proteins. The results give new insights into the mechanisms of enzyme action within muscle structure.
  • Thumbnail Image
    Item
    Supply curves for yields of dairy products from first-lactation Holstein Friesian, Jersey and Holstein Friesian-Jersey crossbred cows accounting for seasonality of milk composition and production
    (New Zealand Society of Animal Production (INC), 2016) Sneddon, NW; Lopez-Villalobos, N; Davis, SR; Hickson, RE; Shalloo, L; Garrick, DJ
    The economic efficiency of a milk-processing system is influenced by seasonality of the milk supply, and changes to milk composition, influences the product potential of that milk. Lactation curves for milk yield and composition for seasonal calving first-lactation Holstein Friesian (F), Jersey (J) and Holstein Friesian-Jersey crossbred (FxJ) cows were used as inputs in a deterministic simulation model to produce seasonal curves for daily yields of dairy products. The dairy products were whole milk powder, skim milk powder, cheese, or butter. Dairy product potential was estimated for each animal from a population of 4333 mixed-breed, first-lactation cows. Lactation lengths differed (P<0.0001), among F, FxJ, and J, which averaged 219, 222 and 221 days respectively. Total-lactation milk yield was different (P<0.0001) among breeds and averaged 3257, 3092 and 2902 litres for F, FxJ and J cows, respectively. Whole-milk powder potential (yield per 1000 L of milk) was greatest at the start of the season and least at the end of the season, whereas cheese-production potential (yield per 1000 L of milk) followed the opposite pattern. Total-lactation whole-milk powder yield was different among breeds (P<0.0001) at 366, 338 and 312 kg of whole-milk powder for F, FxJ and J cows, respectively. Total-lactation cheese yield was also different among breeds (P<0.0001), and was 371, 375 and 361 kg for F, FxJ and J cows, respectively. The supply curves indicate that milk is best processed into whole or skim milk powder during peak season, and cheese and butter at the end of lactation. However, seasonal production of specific products would limit the use of by-product lactose from cheese manufacture in the production of milk powders, and thus negate the efficiency gains from changes to processing priorities.