Browsing by Author "Mika J"

Now showing 1 - 11 of 11
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    Cultural efficacy predicts body satisfaction for Māori.
    (2021) Houkamau C; Stronge S; Warbrick I; Dell K; Mika J; Newth J; Sibley C; Kha KL
    This paper examines the relationship between body mass index (BMI), self-esteem and self-reported confidence and capability in expressing oneself culturally as Māori (cultural efficacy) for 5,470 Māori who participated in Te Rangahau o Te Tuakiri Māori me Ngā Waiaro ā-Pūtea | The Māori Identity and Financial Attitudes Study (MIFAS) in 2017. Adjusting for demographics, self-reported health, education and socio-economic status, we found that a higher BMI was associated with lower body satisfaction and self-esteem. However, higher scores on cultural efficacy were associated with higher levels of body satisfaction and self-esteem for respondents. Furthermore, the negative association between BMI and both body satisfaction and self-esteem was weaker for those with higher cultural efficacy. This held for BMI scores of 25, 30, and 35+. While our data suggest higher cultural efficacy may directly or interactively shield Māori from developing lowered self-esteem typically associated with higher BMI in Western populations, further research, using more comprehensive measures of body satisfaction should explore the extent to which Māori may find the Western "thin ideal" personally desirable for their own bodies.
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    Developing a Māori theory of value: Report prepared for Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga
    (Te Au Rangahau, 2021-03-31) Dell KM; Newth J; Mika J; Houkamau CA
    This report sets out the findings and outcomes of the Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga (NPM) funded platform research project entitled ‘Developing a Māori theory of value,’ which was completed between 1 October 2018 and 31 March 2021. The original end date of 30 September 2020 was extended by way of variation due to the impact of Covid-19. The purpose of the project was to develop a Māori theory of value for the Māori economy.
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    Does supporting cultural diversity benefit only Māori? A study of Māori and Pākehā employees
    (Taylor and Francis Group on behalf of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 2024-02-05) Haar J; Spiller C; Mika J; Rout M; Reid J
    Māori are the Indigenous people of Aotearoa but experience workplace disadvantages including high discrimination, lower pay, and greater unemployment. This study uses psychological contracts theory to explore employee perceptions of a set of mutual obligations and implicit promises from their employer around supporting Māori employees. Cultural diversity promise fulfilment (CDPF) focuses on the way firms provide Māori cultural representation, seeks broad inputs from Māori, and work to eliminate bias against Māori. We empirically test CDPF on 165 Māori and 729 Pākehā. We include Pākehā because theoretically, under social exchange theory, all employees might react positively to employer support for a disadvantaged group. We test a moderated mediation model and find support with CDPF being significantly related to job satisfaction, cultural wellbeing, and turnover intentions, with the former mediating CDPF effects to turnover. Next, moderation effects are found (Māori versus Pākehā) but with mixed support. However, moderated mediation effects are supported with Māori employees reporting a stronger indirect effect from CDPF than Pākehā, through both mediators (job satisfaction and cultural wellbeing). The paper establishes the importance of CDPF and helps build the arguments for diversity support.
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    He whenua tipu
    (Massey University, 2019-09-12) Sciascia A; Hall T; Roskruge M; Mika J
    The incoming Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) is causing vast technological innovations, from exponential increases in computing power and data, to closing the gap between physical, digital and biological worlds. These innovations are impacting all people, cultures and economies, and even going so far as to challenge the essence of what it means to be human. He Whenua Tipu – Transforming Māori Agribusiness in the 4IR explored how Māori Agriculture businesses navigate, thrive and survive in this new era. This project is a partnership project between Opepe Farm Trust and Massey University, through which relationships have been established with three other trusts that are associated with Opepe Farm Trust (ā whakapapa, ā whenua hoki) including Tauhara Middle 15, Tauhara Middle Lands and Tauhara Moana Trusts. The project drew on literature and case study data to explore the dimensions of the 4IR and how they are perceived, understood and utilised in various Mäori agribusiness models. From this exploration, we focused on the elements that are altering or are catalysing narratives on business identity, resilience and sustainability for Mäori enterprises in this sector.
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    Te Awa Tupua: Peace, justice and sustainability through Indigenous tourism
    (Taylor and Francis Group, 2021-04-16) Mika J; Scheyvens R
    Te Awa Tupua is an ancestor of the Māori people of Whanganui, and is also the Whanganui River, who in 2017 was formally recognised as a person. While legally conferring personhood upon an element of nature is relatively novel, it recognises a fundamental principle of indigeneity, that all things—human and nonhuman—are related. We explore intersections of peace, justice, and sustainability through Indigenous tourism in case studies of three Māori tourism enterprises on Te Awa Tupua (the Whanganui River). Our paper spotlights three findings. First, that treaty settlements elevate the status of Māori knowledge and contain elements of peace-making and economy-making as decolonising projects of self-determined development. Second, while indigeneity is foundational, we found that syncretism is evident in the sustainability of Māori tourism enterprises. Third, we uncovered a socioecological dissonance in attitudes towards commercial growth, with Māori tourism enterprises opting for slower and lower growth in favour of environmental and community wellbeing. We propose a model of Indigenous tourism called kaupapa tāpoi. We conclude by suggesting that reconciling differences in viewpoints on sustainability and growth between Māori and non-Māori tourism enterprises will require involvement of several institutional actors, starting with Te Awa Tupua.
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    Te Hononga—Modelling indigenous collaborative enterprise. A research report on Māori enterprise collaboration in Aotearoa New Zealand
    (Te Au Rangahau, 2021-07-13) Mika J; Cordier J; Roskruge M; Tunui B; O'Hare J; Vunibola S
    This study explores the theory and practice of Māori enterprise collaboration. There exists a strong rationale for Māori enterprise collaboration as it builds on the relationality of a Māori world view, shared values and existing whakapapa (genealogical) relationships. Collaboration is considered integral to Māori development because it is set against a background of self-determination and self-governance. Waiū Dairy and MiHI (Movers in Hemp Innovation) are two Māori enterprise collaborations that have been facilitated by Poutama Trust and are at distinctly different stages of maturity. Interviews were conducted with participants from Waiū Dairy and MiHI to gain insights from those involved in the practice of Māori enterprise collaboration.
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    Te Rangahau o Te Tuakiri Māori me ngā Waiaro ā-Pūtea The Māori Identity and Financial Attitudes Study | MIFAS: Selected descriptive statistics wave 1
    (University of Auckland, 2020-12-06) Mika J
    How does cultural identity matter for Māori economic decision-making? Te Rangahau oTe Tuakiri Māori me Nga Waiaro a-Pütea | The Māori Identity and Financial AttitudesStudy (MIFAS) aims to address this question. The MIFAS is the first large-scale (n = 7,019)nationwide study of Māori aged 18 and over that aims to correlate personal cultural beliefsand practices to economic choices. This report presents selected analyses from the first waveof data collection for MIFAS. It has been designed it to be accessible and easy to read as asupplement to academic publications. 1 The purpose of the document is to promote discussionand inform deeper data analyses. All statistical analyses in this report were conducted by Dr.Joaquín Bahamondes with support and comments from the co-authors. The initial wave of the MIFAS collected data from Māori aged 18 and over who completed a pen-and-paper questionnaire in 2017. The original MIFAS survey contained over 340 items including measures of perceptions of business success, individualism versus collectivism, materialism; attitudes towards sustainability and money; access to social capital; feelings of inclusion within Aotearoa New Zealand society; utilisation of financial products and services provided by iwi organisations versus mainstream financial institutions; financial literacy; career aspirations; political orientations; and levels of stress and other measures of health and well-being. The MIFAS research group (responsible for strategic oversight, design and day-to-day maintenance of the study) now includes; Associate Professor Carla Houkamau (Primary Investigator, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Auckland), Professor Chris Sibley (School of Psychology, University of Auckland), Dr Kiri Dell (Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Auckland), Dr Jamie Newth (Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Auckland) and Dr Jason Mika (School of Management, Massey University). The MIFAS group are most grateful to the participants in this research who have given their valuable time and energy to be part of the study. We also acknowledge the role of our close colleague and friend, Associate Professor Mānuka Hēnare (now retired). Mānuka played an important role in the early days of the MIFAS, by supporting the development of the survey and also helping interpret it. We also acknowledge support from our funders. The Royal Society of New Zealand, who awarded the Marsden Fund Grant which allowed us to start the MIFAS. The specific grant was titled, “How great can we be? Identity leaders of the Māori economic renaissance” (15-UOA-316). Ngā Pae o te Māramatanga (NPM) (New Zealand's Māori Centre of Research Excellence (CoRE) funded by the Tertiary Education Commission (TEC) and hosted by The University of Auckland) supported the second round of the MIFAS survey which was sent to 5,300 Māori in July-August 2020. As noted earlier, with a data set this size, phases of interrelated data analyses are required. We have barely started to “scratch the surface”, and the data analyses process is still ongoing. Data from this study will continue to be shared as continue to deepen our understanding of how cultural identity matters for Māori economic development. Ngā mihi, Carla Houkamau, Kiri Dell, Jamie Newth, Jason Mika and Chris Sibley
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    The COVID 19 domestic vaccine pass: Implications for Māori
    (National Institute of Demographic and Economic Analysis, University of Waikato, Aotearoa New Zealand, 2021-11-01) Kukutai T; Clark V; Mika J; Muru-Lanning M; Pouwhare R; Sterling R; Teague V; Watts D; Cassim S
    The New Zealand government has introduced a COVID-19 domestic vaccine pass to be used in conjunction with the COVID-19 Protection Framework. The Framework is likely to be activated soon after Cabinet meets on 29 November 2021. The pass will be necessary to access places and events that require proof of vaccination under the Framework. This brief does not argue for or against the introduction of a domestic vaccine pass, but rather discusses key issues that it raises for Māori, and suggests actions to address them. We see four key issues: • the lack of Māori involvement, as a Tiriti partner, on either the design or implementation of the COVID-19 domestic vaccine pass; • disproportionate restriction on Māori mobility due to lower Māori vaccination rates; • privacy and data security concerns; • uneven implementation that could increase discrimination against Māori and other groups considered to pose a risk to others’ safety. To respond to these issues we recommend that the implementation of the pass be designed in partnership with Māori and comply with Māori data sovereignty requirements. As Tiriti partners, Māori should expect that the pass will keep their communities safe, while providing opportunities to enact manaakitanga in the matrix of care, and the mana to manage their own affairs.
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    The Productivity and Innovation of Māori Frontier Firms
    (Productivity Commission, 2021-03-17) Vunibola S; Mika J; Roskruge M
    Te Au Rangahau (Massey Business School’s Māori business research centre) was invited by the New Zealand Productivity Commission (the Commission) to provide a review of the Commission’s report on its frontier firms inquiry, with a focus on the Māori frontier firms. The inquiry adopts the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (OECD) definition of frontier firms – those within the top 10% of firms’ productivity distribution in an industry. This definition brings around 30,000 firms into scope for this inquiry. Identifying Māori firms within this cohort becomes functionally complex. Some of the approaches of identifying Māori firms include business owners’ ethnicity, employees’ ethnicity, the nature of the product and service, or commercial and social enterprises operating with Māori values, philosophy, and tikanga (Statistics New Zealand, 2016). The Commission recognises that there is no single agreed definition of a Māori business or Māori firm as the Māori economy comprises a range of organisational forms and structures under various legal frameworks.
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    The wellbeing of Māori pre and post Covid-19 lockdown in Aotearoa / New Zealand
    (University of Auckland, 2021-06-11) Houkamau CA; Dell KM; Newth J; Mika J; Sibley C; Keelan T; Dunn T
    The first MIFAS survey was open between September and December 2017, and round two went out between April and November 2020. Round 2 MIFAS data collection occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic in Aotearoa New Zealand. Round two MIFAS respondents were experiencing a variety of lockdown levels at the time they were completing their surveys. During the highest lockdown level (Level 4), New Zealanders were asked not to leave their homes other than for essential personal movement. New Zealanders were asked to form “bubbles” and stay within them (small groups of people, typically close family members, who would be the only people in close contact for the period of lockdown). Except for essential services, including hospitals, essential health clinics, supermarkets and pharmacies, all businesses were closed, as were schools and universities, and childcare facilities. During Level 3, people were instructed to stay home other than for essential personal movement, including to go to work or school if they have to, or for local recreation. When outside of the home, physical distancing was required (i.e. distanced one metre from other people) in schools and workplaces. People were allowed to expand their contacts to reconnect with close family/whānau and bring in caregivers or support isolated people. In Levels 1–2, restrictions loosened; however, life was still not normal, and people were asked to exercise social distancing and caution. To explore the mental, relational, psychological, and spiritual wellbeing of Māori during and after the COVID-19 lockdowns in Aotearoa, the MIFAS team took the opportunity to include a range of open-ended survey items in the MIFAS survey to provide respondents with the opportunity to tell us how they were feeling and what they were experiencing during and after the lockdown. The MIFAS open-ended items included the following four questions. 1. Please indicate here how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted you and your whānau. 2. How do you think the experience of the COVID-19 pandemic should change us as a society? 3. Who has supported you to stay safe and well during the level 3 and 4 “lockdown” period in New Zealand? 4. What support do you think Māori families will need once the level 4 lockdown requirements have been lifted?” A total of 3,116 Māori responded with completed surveys and answered some (or all) of the open- ended questions. The data gathered includes details of what was happening in people’s homes and lives over this unprecedented time in our history. Some surveys were completed during level 4 lockdown, and others responded once this was lifted, and during levels 3, 2 and 1. It is very clear from their answers that many families found these restrictions incredibly challenging. Yet, others found lockdown a regenerating time for themselves and their whānau. To analyse the data, all responses to the 3116 surveys were manually typed into excel spreadsheets (except from the online survey responses which were directly cut and pasted from their online responses into the excel format). Respondents’ unique numerical identifiers were retained with each answer (to ensure each answer was kept traceable to the correct survey) however like with all MIFAS data analyses all personal information was separated from the surveys before research assistants received any data. This means there was no way that research assistants, or indeed anyone in the MIFAS research team, could see the names or details of who wrote each comment. This report provides a snapshot of their responses to each of the four open ended questions above.